4/07/2025

Parashat 48 Portion 162 ‘’Shoftim’’ Deut 20:10-21:14 Is 66:12-22

 Baruch atah, YHVH Eloheinu, Melech haolam, asher kid’shanu b’mitzvotav v’tzivanu laasok b’divrei Torah.

Blessed are You, YHVH our Elohim, King of the universe, who has made us set apart through His commandments and commanded us to engross ourselves in the words of the Torah. Blessed are You, YHVH, Giver of the Torah – Amein

כי־תקרב אל־עיר When you draw near to a city- note the use of the future tense singular masculine verb – תקרב In other words this action will be ongoing while the present heaven and earth exist.

 

Why would you draw near to a city? Because the leaders (Judges) of Israel had determined that the inhabitants of that city were a threat, both physically and spiritually to YHVH’s people.

YHVH will not allow any individual or group of individuals to destroy His people. YHVH may choose our enemies to have a partial and temporary victory over His people – to chastise them to cause them to return to His ways.

 

Deu 20:10  “When you draw near to a city to fight against it, then you shall make a call for peace to it. 

Deu 20:11  “And it shall be that if it accepts your call for peace, and shall open to you, then all the people found in it are to be your compulsory labour, and serve you. 

Deu 20:12  “But if it does not make peace with you, and shall fight against you, then you shall besiege it, 

Deu 20:13  and יהוה your Elohim shall give it into your hands, and you shall strike every male in it with the edge of the sword. 

Deu 20:14  “Only the women, and the little ones, and the livestock, and all that is in the city, all its spoil, you take as plunder for yourself. And you shall eat the enemies’ plunder which יהוה your Elohim gives you. 

Deu 20:15  “Do so to all the cities which are very far from you, which are not of the cities of these nations. 

 

Deu 20:16  “Only, of the cities of these peoples which יהוה your Elohim gives you as an inheritance, you do not keep alive any that breathe, 

Deu 20:17  but you shall certainly put them under the ban - כי־החרם תחרימם  : the ittite and the Amorite and the Kena‛anite and the Perizzite and the iwwite and the Yeusite, as יהוה your Elohim has commanded you, 

Deu 20:18  lest they teach you to do according to all their abominations which they have done for their mighty ones, and you sin against יהוה your Elohim. 

Deu 20:19  “When you besiege a city for a long time by fighting against it to take it, you do not destroy its trees by wielding an axe against them. If you do eat of them, do not cut them down. For is the tree of the field a man to be besieged by you? 

Deu 20:20  “Only the trees which you know are not trees for food you do destroy and cut down, to build siege-works against the city that is fighting against you, until it falls. 

 

Midrash - Deut 20:10-20 – in the context of the last days and the great tribulation- pleading and giving His enemies time to repent – increasing the pressure if they refuse – what mercy!

 

Eph 4:8  That is why it says, “When He went up on high, He led captivity captive, and gave gifts to men.” שבה שבי  Psa_68:18. Eph 4:9  But what does “He went up” mean, except that He also first went down into the lower parts of the earth? Eph 4:10  He who went down is also the One who went up far above all the heavens, to fill all. 

 

"taking captive captivity" means that Yahshua, through his death and resurrection, triumphed over death and sin, essentially "capturing" the power that once held people captive, signifying his complete victory over evil and his authority to deliver people from its control’’

 

 

Perhaps this is the story of our Messianic redemption – when it comes to laws of warfare, our Messiah King knew that we could not defeat our enemies on our own, so, he went to battle on our behalf to conquer our enemies – showing mercy to some and no mercy to others.

Note the singular masculine tense that is used in Deu 20:10  “When you draw near to a city to fight against it, then you shall make a call for peace to it - כי־תקרב אל־עיר – In fact all the pronouns used in this regard are masculine singular pronouns.

 

See Deut 20:19-20 - Rev 7:3  saying, “Do not harm the earth, nor the sea, nor the trees until we have sealed the servants of our Elohim upon their foreheads.’’ (144 000 witnesses)

 

Isa 63:2  Why is there red on Your raiment, and Your garments like one who treads in the winepress? 

Isa 63:3  “I have trodden the winepress alone, and from the peoples no one was with Me. And I trod them down in My displeasure, and I trampled them in My wrath. Their blood is sprinkled upon My garments, and I have defiled all My raiment.  Repeated in Rev 19:13

Isa 63:4  “For a day of vengeance is in My heart, and the year of My redeemed has come. 

Isa 63:5  “And I looked, but there was none helping, and I was astonished that there was none upholding. So My own arm saved for Me, and My wrath upheld Me. 

Isa 63:6  “And I trod down peoples in My displeasure, and made them drunk in My wrath, and brought down their strength to earth.” 

 

Atonement for Unsolved Murders

Deu 21:1  “When anyone is found slain, lying in the field in the land which יהוה your Elohim is giving you to possess, and it is not known who struck him, 

Deu 21:2  then your elders and your judges shall go out, and they shall measure the distance from the slain man to the cities round about. 

Deu 21:3  “And it shall be that the elders of the city nearest to the slain man shall take a heifer which has not been worked and which has not pulled with a yoke, 

Deu 21:4  and the elders of that city shall bring the heifer down to a wadi with flowing water, which is neither ploughed nor sown, and they shall break the heifer’s neck there in the wadi. 

Deu 21:5  “And the priests, the sons of Lěwi, shall come near, for יהוה your Elohim has chosen them to serve Him and to bless in the Name of יהוה, and by their mouth every strife and every stroke is tried

Deu 21:6  “And let all the elders of that city nearest to the slain man wash their hands over the heifer whose neck was broken in the wadi. 

Deu 21:7  “And they shall answer and say, ‘Our hands have not shed this blood, nor have our eyes seen it. 

Deu 21:8  O יהוה, forgive Your people Yisra’ěl, whom You have ransomed, and do not allow innocent blood in the midst of Your people Yisra’ěl.’ And the blood-guilt shall be pardoned to them. 

Deu 21:9  “Thus you purge the guilt of innocent blood from your midst when you do what is right in the eyes of יהוה

 

Midrash - Atonement for unsolved murders – Deut 21:1-10

 

Deu 21: 1-9  - Purification - This is the essence of the Torah - Num 19:2  “This is a law of the Torah which יהוה has commanded, saying, ‘Speak to the children of Yisra’ěl, that they bring you a red heifer, a perfect one, in which there is no blemish and on which a yoke has never come. 

Num 19:3  And you shall give it to El‛azar the priest, and he shall bring it outside the camp, and shall slay it before him. 

 

Heb 9:13  For if the blood of bulls and goats and the ashes of a heifer, sprinkling the defiled, sets apart for the cleansing of the flesh, Heb 9:14  how much more shall the blood of the Messiah, who through the everlasting Spirit offered Himself unblemished to Elohim, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living Elohim? 

 

Marrying Female Captives

Deu 21:10  “When you go out to fight against your enemies, and יהוה your Elohim shall give them into your hand, and you shall take them captive, 

Deu 21:11  and shall see among the captives a woman fair of form, and shall delight in her and take her for your wife, 

Deu 21:12  then you shall bring her home to your house, and she shall shave her head and trim her nails, 

Deu 21:13  and put aside the mantle of her captivity, and shall dwell in your house, and mourn her father and her mother a month of days. And after that you shall go in to her and be her husband, and she shall be your wife. 

Deu 21:14  “And it shall be, if you are not pleased with her, then you shall let her go at her desire, but you do not sell her at all for silver. Do not treat her harshly, since you have humbled her. 

 

Midrash – Messiah marrying female gentile captives – Deut 21:10-14

 

Psa 45:10  Listen, O daughter, and see, And incline your ear, And forget your own people and your father’s house; 

Psa 45:11  And let the Sovereign delight in your loveliness; Because He is your Master – bow yourself to Him.

 

Eph 4:8  That is why it says, “When He went up on high, He led captivity captive, and gave gifts to men.” שבה שבי  Psa_68:18. Eph 4:9  But what does “He went up” mean, except that He also first went down into the lower parts of the earth? Eph 4:10  He who went down is also the One who went up far above all the heavens, to fill all. 

 

"taking captive captivity" means that Yahshua, through his death and resurrection, triumphed over death and sin, essentially "capturing" the power that once held people captive, signifying his complete victory over evil and his authority to deliver people from its control’’

 

Most scholars and students have difficulty in understanding and explaining these ‘’miscellaneous’’ and somewhat ‘’obscure’’ instructions – What do laws concerning warfare, atonement for unsolved murders and marrying female captives have to do with each other and establishing YHVH’s kingdom on earth?

 

More than we realize!

 

Conclusion:

In the Apostolic scriptures Stephen clearly outlines the reason why YHVH’s children do not take the Torah seriously: Act 7:51  “You stiff-necked Exo_32:9, Exo_33:3, Exo_33:5 and uncircumcised in heart and ears! Lev_26:41, Jer_6:10 You always resist the Set-apart Spirit, as your fathers did, you also do. Act 7:52  “Which of the prophets did your fathers not persecute? And they killed those who before announced the coming of the Righteous One, of whom you now have become the betrayers and murderers, 

Act 7:53  who received the Torah as it was ordained by messengers, but did not watch over it

 

Jas 2:10  For whoever shall guard all the Torah, and yet stumble in one point, he is guilty of all. 

Or if you choose to ignore certain parts of the Torah you are guilty of ignoring all of the Torah

Jas 4:11  …speaks against Torah and judges Torah. And if you judge Torah, you are not a doer of Torah but a judge. 

 

How do we know there will still be stiff-necked people in the millennial rule? Because Messiah will rule with a rod of iron during the millennium. (with the exception of the Bride of Messiah)

 

Rev 2:26  “And he who overcomes, and guards My works until the end, to him I shall give authority over the nations, Psa_2:8. Rev 2:27  and he shall shepherd them with a rod of iron, as the potter’s vessels shall be broken to pieces, Psa_2:9 as I also have received from My Father. Rev 2:28  “And I shall give him the morning star. 

Rev 2:29  “He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the assemblies.” ’ 

 

Even at the end of the millennium there will be a massive rebellion against the Messiah, His Bride and His Torah.

 

Rev 20:7  And when the thousand years have ended, Satan shall be released from his prison, 

Rev 20:8  and he shall go out to lead the nations astray which are in the four corners of the earth, Go and Mao, Ezk_38:2 to gather them together for battle, whose number is as the sand of the sea. Rev 20:9  And they came up over the breadth of the earth and surrounded the camp of the set-apart ones and the beloved city. And fire came down from Elohim out of the heaven and consumed them. Rev 20:10  And the devil, who led them astray, was thrown into the lake of fire and sulphur where the beast and the false prophet are. And they shall be tortured day and night forever and ever.

 

The New Heaven and the New Earth – Eighth day – shemini Atzaret

Rev 21:1  And I saw a renewed heaven and a renewed earth,a Isa_65:17 for the former heaven and the former earth had passed away, and the sea is no more. Footnote: aAlso see Isa_66:22

Rev 21:2  And I, Yoanan, saw the set-apart city, renewed Yerushalayim, coming down out of the heaven from Elohim, prepared as a bride adorned for her husband. 

Rev 21:3  And I heard a loud voice from the heaven saying, “See, the Booth of Elohim is with men, and He shall dwell with them, and they shall be His people, and Elohim Himself shall be with them and be their Elohim.

Rev 21:4  “And Elohim shall wipe away every tear from their eyes, and there shall be no more death, nor mourning, nor crying. And there shall be no more pain, for the former matters have passed away.” 

 

1Ch 12:32  and the children of Yissasar who had understanding of the times, to know what Yisra’ěl should do, (Yesh sakar: Means "there is a reward") - Mat 16:1-4 discerning signs

 

Isa 8:16  Bind up the witness, seal the Torah among my taught ones.

 

 Blessed are you YHVH, our Elohim, King of the Universe, you have given us your Torah of truth and have planted everlasting life within our midst. Blessed are you, YHVH giver of the Torah – Amein.