4/24/2026

Parashat 9 Portion 34 ‘’Vayeshev’’ Gen 37:1-36 Is 32:18-33:6,15

 Blessed are You, YHVH our Elohim, Creator of the universe, who desires covenantal intimacy with His called-out ones – blessed are these whom You have called and given a heart that longs for and deeply desires this covenantal life.  Please, YHVH, our Elohim, sweeten the words of Your Torah in our hearts and in the hearts of Your people, the family of Israel. May we and our offspring and the offspring of Your people, the house of Jacob – all of us – know Your Name and study Your Torah so that we may sincerely love one another and love You above all. Please uncover our eyes and open our hearts that we may carefully examine and receive the marvels and mysteries of Your Torah. Blessed are You, YHVH, who has enterd into covenant with the set apart ones of Israel – through Yahshua our Messiah - Amein.

וישׁב

Gen 37:1  And Ya‛aqo dwelt (וישׁב) in the land of his father’s sojournings, (מגורי)  in the land of Kena‛an. 

 וישׁב יעקב בארץ מגורי אביו בארץ כנען׃ 

The sages focus heavily on the contrast between “settled” (vayeshev) implying permanence, rest, and tranquility and “sojourning” (megurei) implying impermanence, strangerhood and pilgrimage.

The word ‘’megurei’’ underscores that the land was still only a place of sojourning for Jacob’s family (as it had been for Abraham and Isaac). Jacob wanted permanent peaceful settlement after his turbulent life (Esau, Laban, Dinah, etc.), but YHVH disrupted that desire with the Joseph saga. The sages see this as a divine caution against seeking and expecting too much ease in this world.

This highlights that the full inheritance and security of the land had not yet arrived

Some midrashim connect it to the broader theme that true “settling” for the righteous only comes in the World to Come, not in this imperfect world.

Ramban emphasizes the contrast with Esau: Esau and his descendants took permanent possession (achuzah) of their land (Mount Seir – which didn’t prove that permanent either)

‘’Megurei’’ carries an emotional tone of alienation, hostility and impermanence, even in the Promised Land, Jacob still feels like a stranger and a temporary dweller and sometimes even a trespasser unwelcome in the land promised to them by YHVH.

This opening verse is often read as a theological lesson: Righteous people cannot expect complete rest and security in this world; trials often follow attempts at tranquility. It also foreshadows the long exile and sojourning of a chosen people.

Heb 11:8  By belief, Araham obeyed when he was called to go out to the place which he was about to receive as an inheritance. And he went out, not knowing where he was going. 

Heb 11:9  By belief, he sojourned in the land of promise as a stranger, dwelling in tents with Yitsaq and Ya‛aqo, the heirs with him of the same promise, 

Heb 11:10  for he was looking for the city having foundations, whose builder(בונה) and maker (architect מכוננה) is Elohim. (מכוננה) -  her founderher establisher.

 

Mat 16:18 Yahshua says ‘’ I shall build (אבנה)My assembly, and the gates of She’ol shall not overcome it’’

Heb 11:13  In belief all these died, not having received the promises, but seeing them from a distance, welcomed and embraced them, and confessed that they were aliens and strangers on the earth.

 

Heb 11:39  And having obtained witness through the belief, all these did not receive the promise,c Footnote: cSee Heb_11:13. (the promise of what? The Messiah? The promised land and all its abundance? Victory over our enemies? – views differ.)

Heb 11:40  Elohim having provided what is better for us, that they should not be made perfect apart from us. (perfect 100% pure)

 

Gen 37:2  This is the genealogy of Ya‛aqo. (Although it says, "of Jacob," the narrative immediately focuses on Joseph at seventeen years old and his brothers.) Yosěph, being seventeen years old, was feeding the flock with his brothers. And the young man was with the sons of Bilhah and the sons of Zilpah, his father’s wives. And Yosěph brought an evil report of them to his father. 

 

Genesis 37:2 singles out the sons of Bilhah and Zilpah,Dan, Naphtali, Gad, - sages and scholars believe the reason must be important but have long debated on these reasons for singling out the sons of the concubines – however, there is no unified agreement why it is recorded in the Torah in this way. (maybe concubines’ children were not as highly esteemed or even less loved than the children from their madams – Leah and Rachel – maybe like Yahshua’s disciples - fishermen)

 

Gen 37:3  And Yisra’ěl loved Yosěph more than all his children, because he was the son of his old age. And he made him a long robe. 

 

The robe given to Joseph in Genesis 37:3 is understood by scholars and commentators to be a princely or royal garment. It signified that Joseph was to be honoured above his older brothers, often interpreted as Jacob designating him as the future head of the household, a right typically reserved for the firstborn.

Gen 37:4  But when his brothers saw that their father loved him more than all his brothers, they hated him and were not able to speak peaceably to him. 

Gen 37:5  And Yosěph dreamed a dream, and told it to his brothers. So they hated him even more. (true of Joseph and true of Messiah)

 

‘’God isn’t fair He is just’’ -Is 55:8,9  - Bob Mumford.

 

Gen 37:6  And he said to them, “Please listen to this dream which I have dreamed: 

Gen 37:7  “See, we were binding sheaves in the midst of the field, and see, my sheaf rose up and also stood up. And see, your sheaves stood all around and bowed down to my sheaf.” 

Gen 37:8  And his brothers said to him, “Shall you indeed reign over us? Shall you indeed rule over us?” So they hated him even more for his dreams and for his words. 

 

The Hebrew gives us more insight - Gen 37:8  ויאמרו לו אחיו המלך תמלך עלינו אם־משׁול תמשׁל בנו

 

Lit ‘’are you going to be our king, yes our king  or (אם) have dominion – yes complete dominion over us (בנו)’’

 

Gen 37:9  And he dreamed still another dream and related it to his brothers, and said, “See, I have dreamed another dream, and see, the sun and the moon and the eleven stars bowed down to me.” 

 

Some interpreters (especially those who see Joseph as a strong type or foreshadowing of the Messiah) do view the two dreams in Genesis 37:8 and 37:9 as carrying possible symbolic or typological significance related to the two comings of the Messiah (first coming in humility/suffering and second coming in esteem and universal rule).

 

Gen 37:10  And he related it to his father and his brothers. And his father rebuked him and said to him, “What is this dream that you have dreamed? Shall we, your mother and I and your brothers, indeed come to bow down to the earth before you?” 

Gen 37:11  And his brothers envied him, but his father guarded the word. 

 

Isa 8:14  “And He shall be for a set-apart place, but a stone of stumbling and a rock that makes for falling to both the houses of Yisra’ěl,

 

Isa 53:1  Who has believed our report? And to whom was the arm of יהוה revealed? 

Isa 53:2  For He grew up before Him as a tender plant, and as a root out of dry ground. He has no form or splendour that we should look upon Him, nor appearance that we should desire Him – 

Isa 53:3  despised and rejected by men, a man of pains and knowing sickness. And as one from whom the face is hidden, being despised, and we did not consider Him. 

Isa 53:4  Truly, He has borne our sicknesses and carried our pains. Yet we reckoned Him smitten·, stricken by Elohim, and afflicted. 

Isa 53:5  But He was pierced for our transgressions, He was crushed for our crookednesses. The chastisement for our peace was upon Him, and by His stripes we are healed. 

Isa 53:6  We all, like sheep, went astray, each one of us has turned to his own way. And יהוה has laid on Him the crookedness of us all. 

Isa 53:7  He was oppressed and He was afflicted, but He did not open His mouth. He was led as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before its shearers is silent, but He did not open His mouth. 

Isa 53:8  He was taken from prison and from judgment. And as for His generation, who considered that He shall be cut off from the land of the living? For the transgression of My people He was stricken. 

Isa 53:9  And He was appointed a burial-site with the wrong, and with the rich at His death, because He had done no violence, nor was deceit in His mouth.a Footnote: a 1Pe_2:22

Isa 53:10  But יהוה was pleased to crush Him, He laid sickness on Him, that when He made Himself an offering for guilt, He would see a seed, He would prolong His days and the pleasure of יהוה prosper in His hand. 

Isa 53:11  He would see the result of the suffering of His life and be satisfied. Through His knowledge My righteous Servant makes many righteous, and He bears their crookednesses. 

Isa 53:12  Therefore I give Him a portion among the great, and He divides the spoil with the strong, because He poured out His being unto death, and He was counted with the transgressors, and He bore the sin of many, and made intercession for the transgressors. 

 

Joseph Sold by His Brothers

Gen 37:12  And his brothers went to feed their father’s flock in Sheem. 

Gen 37:13  And Yisra’ěl said to Yosěph, “Are not your brothers feeding the flock in Sheem? Come, I send you to them.” So he said to him, “Here I am.” 

 

Shechem as a Place of Danger and Past Sin Shechem carries heavy baggage for Jacob’s family.

(Note the dotted letters over “את צאן” suggesting a future reference to the Messianic age)

 

The Hidden Meaning: The Midrash (Genesis Rabbah 84:13) suggests that the dots, which often signal that a word should be deleted or changed, imply the brothers were neglecting their duties to their father's sheep, highlighting their animosity towards Joseph and their insincerity towards their father. (a problem that persists in both houses of Israel)

 

Irony and Foreshadowing of Family Division Shechem is not a neutral place. It later becomes a site of major division in Israel’s history (the kingdom splits there after Solomon — 1 Kings 12). In the Joseph story, it symbolizes the growing fracture in Jacob’s family. The brothers’ journey to Shechem separates them physically from their father and sets up the betrayal that will send Joseph to Egypt — ironically preserving the family through famine later. (great tribulation)

 

Joseph’s (Yahshua’s) obedient response (“Here I am” — hineni) echoes Abraham’s readiness (Genesis 22) and shows his loyalty to his father despite knowing his brothers hate him. Jewish sages (Rashi, Ramban, etc.) see divine orchestration here: YHVH uses this journey (and even the mysterious “man” who redirects Joseph to Dothan in v. 15–17) to fulfill His purposes. What looks like a family errand is part of YHVH’s plan to get Joseph/Yahshua to Egypt, from where where he will eventually save the family and fulfill his dreams. Mt 2:15 -  “Out of Mitsrayim I have called My Son.” Exo_4:22-23, Hos_11:1, Rev_21:7

 

Gen 37:14  And he said to him, “Please go and see if it is well with your brothers and well with the sheep, and bring back word to me.” So he sent him out of the Valley of eron, and he went to Sheem. 

 

 Hebron is located on a hill (actually part of the Judean hill country, at a high elevation of about 3,000 feet / 900+ meters above sea level), yet Genesis 37:14 says Jacob sent Joseph “out of the valley (עֵמֶק / emek) of Hebron.”

 

In other words, the word emek is deliberately chosen to hint at the depth/mystery of YHVH’s decree or the profound divine plan. By sending Joseph from the “valley/depth of Hebron,” the Torah reveals the hidden counsel of YHVH’s counsel. (The Torah is like a parable)

 

‘’According to Matthew 13:10-17, Yahshua spoke in parables to reveal the secrets of the kingdom of heaven to his disciples while concealing them from those with hardened hearts. Parables served to fulfil prophecy by separating listeners who genuinely sought understanding from those who saw and heard without perceiving, thereby revealing individual spiritual conditions’’

 

Gen 37:15  And a certain man found him, and see, he was wandering in the field. And the man asked him, saying, “What do you seek?” מה־תבקשׁ (Jn 20:15 - ־מִי תְבַקֵּשִׁי) “who do you seek’’

Gen 37:16  And he said, “I am seeking my brothers. Please inform me where they are feeding their sheep.” 

Gen 37:17  And the man said, “They have left here, for I heard them say, ‘Let us go towards Dothan.’ ” So Yosěph went after his brothers and found them in Dothan - some interpret "Dothan" (from dat meaning law – Persian/Aramaic) as the place where the brothers sought a legal loophole or "double law" to justify their actions against Joseph. The destruction of the Temple is seen as the ultimate consequence when the law is used as a weapon of division rather than a source of unity.

 

Maybe ‘’Dothan or double law or two wells’’ refers how Israel would be divided – having two laws - like Jew and gentile – Jews have the Torah, gentiles have the New testament.

 

Or maybe, ‘Dothan’’ or double law refers to that time when Israel committed one of the most treacherous acts imaginable against YHVH – while YHVH was preparing an eternal marriage covenant with His people Israel – a ‘’ketubah’’ – the 10 sayings – Israel was having an idolatrous affair with a strange ‘’god’’ YHVH was so angry He broke the ‘’ketubah’’ the marriage covenant and wanted to destroy the entire nation.

Moses intervenes –

Exo 32:10  “And now, let Me alone, that My wrath might burn against them and I consume them and I make of you a great nation.” 

Exo 32:11  But Mosheh pleaded with יהוה his Elohim, and said, “יהוה, why does Your wrath burn against Your people whom You have brought out of the land of Mitsrayim with great power and with a strong hand? 

Exo 32:12  “Why should the Mitsrites speak, and say, ‘For evil He brought them out to kill them in the mountains, and to consume them from the face of the earth’? Turn from the heat of Your wrath, and relent from this evil to Your people. 

Exo 32:13  “Remember Araham, Yitsaq, and Yisra’ěl, Your servants, to whom You swore by Yourself, and said to them, ‘I increase your seed like the stars of the heavens. And all this land that I have spoken of I give to your seed, and they shall inherit it forever.’ ” 

Exo 32:14  And יהוה relented from the evil which He said He would do to His people. 

Exo 32:15  And Mosheh turned and went down from the mountain, and in his hand were the two tablets of the Witness, tablets written on both their sides, written on the one and on the other. 

 

Exo 32:19  And it came to be, as soon as he came near the camp, that he saw the calf and the dancing. And Mosheh’s displeasure burned, and he threw the tablets out of his hands and broke them at the foot of the mountain. 

 

Exo 34:1  And יהוה said to Mosheh, “Cut two tablets of stone like the first ones, and I shall write on these tablets the Words that were on the first tablets which you broke. 

 

Maybe Dothan reminded us of covenantal renewal – a second set of tablets – the same covenant – renewed.

 

The New Covenant

Jer 31:31  “See, the days are coming,” declares יהוה, “when I shall make a renewed covenant with the house of Yisra’ěl and with the house of Yehuah,a Footnote: a Heb_8:8-12, Heb_10:16-17

Jer 31:32  not like the covenant I made with their fathers in the day when I strengthenedb their hand to bring them out of the land of Mitsrayim, My covenant which they broke, though I was a husband to them,” declares יהוה. Footnote: bCommonly understood as “take hold of.” 

Jer 31:33  “For this is the covenant I shall make with the house of Yisra’ěl after those days, declares יהוה: I shall put My Torah in their inward parts, and write it on their hearts. And I shall be their Elohim, and they shall be My people. 

 

Hesed: The Hebrew Word That Changes How You Read the Entire Bible

 https://youtu.be/Qqvf4b8w5kk?si=wAVXuy_GqAH40evc

 

Gen 37:18  And they saw him from a distance, and before he came near them, they plotted against him, to kill him. 

 

And so Yahshua was sent by YHVH to renew this ancient covenant – and we killed Him.

 

And YHVH looks for an intercessor – a Moses – and He can’t find one.

 

Eze 22:30  “And I sought for a man among them who would make a wall, and stand in the breach before Me on behalf of the land, that I should not destroy it – but I did not find one! 

 

Isa 59:16  And He saw that there was no man, and was astonished that there was no intercessor. So His own arm saved for Him, and His righteousness upheld him. 

 

Yahshua and Yahshua alone is YHVH’s Righteousness – and we are BECOMING that righteousness – 2Co 5:21  For He made Him who knew no sin to be sin for us, so that in Him we might become the righteousness of Elohim. 

 

Isa 48:8  “No, you have not heard; no, you have not known; no, from of old your ear has not been open. Because I knew that you are indeed treacherous and are called ’a transgressor from the womb.’ 

Isa 48:9  “For My Name’s sake I postponed My displeasure, and for My praise I held it back from you, so as not to cut you off. 

 

Isa 48:10  “See, I have refined you, but not as silver; I have chosen you in the furnace of affliction.a Footnote: aSee also Deu_8:2-16

 

Isa 48:10  הנה צרפתיך ולא בכסף בחרתיך בכור עני׃ 

 

If we were refined as silver none of us would survive – so, YHVH preserves a not yet fully refined remnant and continues to refine them in His millennial kingdom – not by fire but by His Word –

 

Jer 50:20  “In those days and at that time,”(era) declares יהוה, “the crookedness of Yisra’ěl shall be searched for, but there shall be none; and the sin of Yehuah, but none shall be found. For I shall pardon those whom I leave as a remnant. 

 

Isa 48:11  “For My own sake, for My own sake, I do it. For how (should My name)be profaned? And My esteem I do not give to another. 

 

Isa 48:11  למעני למעני אעשׂה כי איך יחל וכבודי לאחר לא־אתן׃ 

 

On account of Me – On account of Me – I shall do this – how can My esteem be profaned? I will not give it to another. (no one can claim any credit for their performance)

‘’The phrase "but not as silver" in Isaiah 48:10 indicates that while YHVH does refine his people through affliction, he does not put them through the same intense, total refining process used for silver. If YHVH were to refine them with the extreme severity required to remove all dross from silver, it would result in their destruction, rather than their purification’’

 

It is practically impossible to purify silver to 100%

 

Silver in its molten state will reflect your image – almost perfectly. Once it is poured it loses its almost perfect reflective ability.

 

If YHVH does not shorten the end time tribulation (purification) none of us will survive – Mat 24:22  “And if those days were not shortened, no flesh would be saved, but for the sake of the chosen ones those days shall be shortened. 

 

In the Messianic Kingdom, this cycle is finally broken and our ‘’refining’’ (100%) comes through the Torah as taught by Yahshua –

Isa 2:2  And it shall be in the latter days that the mountain of the House of יהוה is established on the top of the mountains, and shall be exalted above the hills. And all nations shall flow to it. 

Isa 2:3  And many peoples shall come and say, “Come, and let us go up to the mountain of יהוה, to the House of the Elohim of Ya‛aqo, and let Him teach us His ways, and let us walk in His paths, for out of Tsiyon comes forth the Torah, and the Word of יהוה from Yerushalayim.” 

Isa 2:4  And He shall judge between the nations, and shall reprove many peoples. And they shall beat their swords into ploughshares, and their spears into pruning hooks. Nation shall not lift up sword against nation, neither teach battle any more. 

Isa 2:5  O house of Ya‛aqo, come and let us walk in the light of יהוה.

 

Gen 37:19  And they said to each other, “See, this master of dreams is coming! (Only Yahshua ‘’the dreamer’’ can purify us 100%.

 

Gen 37:20  “Now, then, come and let us now kill him and throw him into some pit, and shall say, ‘Some wild beast has devoured him.’ Let us then see what comes of his dreams!” 

Gen 37:21  But Re’uěn heard and rescued him from their hands, and said, “Let us not strike his being.” 

Gen 37:22  And Re’uěn said to them, “Shed no blood. Throw him into this pit which is in the wilderness, and do not lay a hand on him” – in order to rescue him out of their hands, and bring him back to his father. 

Gen 37:23  So it came to be, when Yosěph had come to his brothers, that they stripped Yosěph of his robe, the long robe which was on him. (sound familiar?)

Gen 37:24  And they took him and threw him into a pit. And the pit was empty, there was no water in it. (sound familiar?)

Gen 37:25  And they sat down to eat a meal. And they lifted their eyes and looked and saw a company of Yishma‛ělites, coming from Gil‛a with their camels, bearing spices, and balm, and myrrh, going to take them down to Mitsrayim. 

Gen 37:26  And Yehuah said to his brothers, “What would we gain if we kill our brother and conceal his blood? (Judas (from the tribe of Judah) did not kill the Messiah, he paid 30 pieces of silver to sell him as a slave)

Gen 37:27  “Come and let us sell him to the Yishma‛ělites, and let not our hand be upon him, for he is our brother, our flesh.” And his brothers listened. 

Gen 37:28  And men, Miyanite traders passed by, so they pulled Yosěph up and lifted him out of the pit, and sold him to the Yishma‛ělites for twenty pieces of silver. And they took Yosěph to Mitsrayim. 

Gen 37:29  And Re’uěn returned to the pit, and see, Yosěph was not in the pit. And he tore his garments. (Reuben knew this would destroy his father)

Gen 37:30  And he returned to his brothers and said, “The boy is gone! And I, where am I to go?” 

Gen 37:31  So they took Yosěph’s robe, slew a male goat, and dipped the robe in the blood, 

 

Gen 37:32  and sent the long robe and brought it to their father and said, “We have found this. Please look, is it the robe of your son or not?” (phrase (הכר־נא) ‘’please look’’ is repeated again in  Genesis 38:25: Tamar says this to Judah while holding his staff, cord, and seal, saying "identify/recognize now" (הַכֶּר־נָא) to whom these belong- Judah was falsely accusing Tamar)

 

Gen 37:33  And he recognised it and said, “It is my son’s robe. An evil beast has devoured him. Yosěph is torn, torn to pieces.” 

Gen 37:34  And Ya‛aqo tore his garments, and put sackcloth on his waist, and mourned for his son many days. 

Gen 37:35  And all his sons and all his daughters arose to comfort him, but he refused to be comforted, and he said, “Now let me go down into She’ol to my son in mourning.” So his father wept for him.  

Gen 37:36  And the Mianites had sold him in Mitsrayim to Potiphar, an officer of Pharaoh and captain of the guard. 

 

Blessed are you YHVH, our Elohim, King of the Universe, you have given us your Torah of truth and have planted everlasting life within our midst. Blessed are you, YHVH giver of the Torah – Amein.

Additional midrash and challenge:

YHVH - Founder and Perfecter of Our Faith through Yahshua – Hebrews 12  (summarized)

 Do you see what this means— we are surrounded by a crowd of witnesses past and present who have gone through these same trails - cheering us on? It means we must move on to spiritual maturity. So then, let us rid ourselves of everything that gets in the way, and of the sin which holds on to us so tightly, and let us run with determination the race that lies before us keeping your eyes on Yahshua, who both began and finished this race we’re in. Study how he did it, because he never lost sight of where he was headed - And now he’s there, in the place of honour, right alongside YHVH. When you find yourselves discouraged or depressed, go over this truth again and again -Torah portion by Torah portion - the journey of our Fathers – Abraham Isaac and Jacob who endured great suffering but persevered to the end.

In this all-out match against sin and opposition, others have suffered far worse than you, to say nothing of what Yahshua went through—all that bloodshed and suffering! So don’t feel sorry for yourselves. Or have you forgotten how good parents treat children, and that YHVH regards you as His children?

My dear child, don’t shrug off YHVH’s discipline,
    but don’t be crushed by it either.
It’s the child He loves that he disciplines;
    the child He embraces, he also corrects.

YHVH is educating you; that’s why you must never give up. He’s treating you as precious children. This difficulty you’re in isn’t punishment; it’s training, the normal experience of being a disciple. We respect our own parents for training and not spoiling us, so why not embrace YHVH’s training so we can truly live? While we were children, our parents did what seemed best to them. But YHVH is doing what is best for us, training us to live according to His purposes. At the time, discipline isn’t much fun. It always feels like it’s going against the grain. Later, of course, it pays off big-time, for it’s the well-trained who find themselves mature in their relationship with YHVH and with man and receive favour to persevere to the end.

 So, no more time for self-pity! No more dragging your feet! Prepare yourself for a long-distance journey. Help each other out. And embrace the journey!

 Work at getting along with each other and with the desire of your Heavenly Father. There is an eternal and great reward - Make sure no one gets left out of YHVH generosity. Keep a sharp eye out for weeds of bitterness. A weed or two gone to seed can ruin a whole garden in no time. Watch out for the Esau syndrome: trading away YHVH’s lifelong gift in order to satisfy a short-term appetite. You well know how Esau later regretted that impulsive act and wanted YHVH’s blessing—but by then it was too late, tears or no tears.

 So don’t turn a deaf ear to these gracious words. If those who ignored earthly warnings didn’t get away with it, what will happen to us if we turn our backs on heavenly warnings? His voice at Sinai at time shook the earth to its foundations; this time— He states very clearly —that there will be a far greater shaking of the heavens and the earth - One last shaking, from top to bottom, stem to stern.” The phrase “one last shaking” means a thorough housecleaning, getting rid of all the historical and religious junk so that His unshakable kingdom will stand forever -clear, clean and uncluttered.

 Do you see what we’ve got? An unshakable kingdom! And do you see how thankful we must be? Not only thankful, but overflowing with worship, deeply grateful to YHVH. For YHVH is not an indifferent bystander. He’s actively cleaning house, torching all that needs to burn, and he won’t quit until it’s all cleansed. YHVH himself is the Fire!

 

4/17/2026

Parashat 8 Portion 33 Vayishlach Gen 35:9-36:43 Is 61:2-9 + 62:1-3

Blessed are You, YHVH our Elohim, Creator of the universe, You have set us apart for Yourself through Your Covenant commandments and You have called us to internalize the words of Your Covenant. Please, YHVH, our Elohim, sweeten the words of Your Covenant in our mouths and in the mouths of Your people, the family of Israel. May we and our offspring and the offspring of Your people, the house of Israel – all of us – know Your Name and embrace Your Covenant so that we may deeply love one another and love You above all. Please uncover our eyes and open our hearts that we may carefully examine and receive the marvels and mysteries of Your Covenant. Blessed are You, YHVH, who enters into Covenant with Your beloved Bride - Israel.

Deu 32:9  “For the portion of יהוה is His people, Ya‛aqo His allotted inheritance.

Deu 32:8  “When the Most High gave the nations their inheritance (Gen 10 &Ps 82) When He separated the sons of Aam, He set the boundaries of the peoples According to the number of the children of Yisra’ěl. (or Elohim)

וירא אלהים אל־יעקב – and Elohim appeared to Jacob (Israel)

 

Gen 35:9  And Elohim appeared to Ya‛aqo again, when he came from Paddan Aram, and blessed him. 

 

The verb ‘’vayera’’ (וירא) is a Niphal (Passive form) indicating that the initiative for YHVH appearing to Yakov came from YHVH – for covenant confirmation to Yakov and his descendants.

This is the third major divine encounter Jacob has at Bethel (the first was the ladder dream in Genesis 28; the second was YHVH’s command in Genesis 35:1 to go there and build an altar).

It indicates a direct, personal manifestation of YHVH - a theophany or visible manifestation of Himself, not a messenger, not merely an inner feeling or a distant voice – this is YHVH Himself.

 

Hebraic understanding holds that while YHVH having no physical existence, YHVH can manifest in ways humans can perceive, through a sense of His personal presence, as well as through sent messengers. (“No one can see YHVH and live” — Exodus 33:20)

Joh 4:24  “Elohim is Spirit, and those who worship Him need to worship in spirit and truth.” 

 

Whether a ‘’theophany’’ or a ‘’messenger’’ appears – it is as good as if YHVH Himself is appearing – In Gen 18:1 the messenger is called YHVH.

 

Rudolf Bultmann (1884–1976): Famous for existential interpretation, he described the doctrine of the pre-existence of Christ as well the doctrine of the trinity  "not only irrational but utterly meaningless".

 

More and more theologians argue that if Jesus truly pre-existed as a divine being, his human experience was not genuine. They maintain that for Jesus to be fully human, his existence must have begun at his conception.

These false teachings are not only offensive to YHVH but are a stumbling block to the house of Jacob.

 

1Jn 4:1  Beloved ones, do not believe every spirit, but prove the spirits, whether they are of Elohim, because many false prophets have gone out into the world. 

1Jn 4:2  By this you know the Spirit of Elohim: Every spirit that confesses that יהושע Messiah has come in the flesh is of Elohim, 

1Jn 4:3  and every spirit that does not confess that יהושע Messiah has come in the flesh is not of Elohim. And this is the spirit of the anti-messiah which you heard is coming, and now is already in the world. 

 

‘’Some writers explicitly claim that the Trinity doctrine (formalized at Nicaea in 325 and Constantinople in 381) is the “mark” or “name” of the beast. They argue it replaces biblical monotheism (one God = the Father alone) with a “three-god” system of pagan origin. One detailed presentation links the Trinity directly to the “image of the beast” and the “mark,” claiming it was introduced as part of the beast’s deceptive power after the fall of pagan Rome.’’

 

Jas 3:1  Not many of you should become teachers, my brothers, knowing that we shall receive greater judgment. Gal 1:7,8 – 2 Cor 11:3,4  https://trinities.org/blog/   

 

Gen 35:9  And Elohim appeared to Ya‛aqo again, when he came from Paddan Aram, and blessed him. 

Gen 35:10  And Elohim said to him, “Your name is Ya‛aqo, your name is no longer called Ya‛aqo, but Yisra’ěl is your name.” So He called his name Yisra’ěl. 

Gen 35:11  And Elohim said to him, “I am Ěl Shaddai. Be fruitful and increase, a nation and a company of nations shall be from you, and sovereigns come from your body. 

Gen 35:12  “And the land which I gave Araham and Yitsaq I give to you. And to your seed after you I give this land.” 

Gen 35:13  And Elohim went up from him in the place where He had spoken with him. 

Gen 35:14  And Ya‛aqo set up a standing column in the place where He had spoken with him, a monument of stone. And he poured a drink offering on it, and he poured oil on it. 

Gen 35:15  And Ya‛aqo called the name of the place where Elohim spoke with him, Běyth Ěl. 

 

 

The Deaths of Rachel and Isaac

Gen 35:16  Then they set out from Běyth Ěl. And it came to be, when there was but a little distance to go to Ephrath, that Raěl began to give birth, and had great difficulty giving birth. 

Gen 35:17  And it came to be, as she was having great difficulty giving birth, that the midwife said to her, “Do not fear, for it is another son for you.” 

Gen 35:18  And it came to be, as her life was going out – for she died – that she called his name Ben-Oni. But his father called him Binyamin. 

Gen 35:19  So Raěl died and was buried on the way to Ephrath, that is Běyth Leem. 

Gen 35:20  And Ya‛aqo set a standing column on her burial-place, which is the monument of Raěl’s burial-place to this day. 

Gen 35:21  And Yisra’ěl set out and pitched his tent beyond the tower of Ěer. 



https://donnagawell.com/2020/12/17/away-in-a-manger-at-migdal-eder/

The primary (and most explicit) ancient Jewish source that connects Migdal Eder to the Messiah is the Targum Pseudo-Jonathan (also called Targum Yonatan ben Uzziel in some traditions), an Aramaic interpretive paraphrase of the Torah.

Its rendering of Genesis 35:21 reads approximately:

“And Jacob journeyed and spread his tent beyond the Tower of Eder, the place from whence the King Messiah is destined to be revealed at the end of days.”

This Targum expands the plain text with a future-oriented, eschatological interpretation. It identifies Migdal Eder (“Tower of the Flock”) as the future site of the revelation (or manifestation) of King Messiah in the end times.

 

Connection to Micah 4:8

Jewish tradition often links Genesis 35:21 with Micah 4:8:

“And you, O tower of the flock (Migdal Eder), hill of the daughter of Zion, to you it shall come, even the former dominion shall come, the kingdom of the daughter of Jerusalem.”

·         The Targum to Micah 4:8 interprets this verse messianically: “And you, O Messiah of Israel, who has been hidden because of the sins of the congregation of Zion, the kingdom shall come to you...”

·         The idea is that the hidden Messiah (a concept found in various midrashim) will be revealed from this symbolically significant “tower of the flock,” restoring the Davidic kingdom.

 

Migdal Eder was a real location near Bethlehem, on the road toward Jerusalem. The Mishnah (Shekalim 7:4 and related discussions in Kiddushin 55a) mentions flocks pastured in the area between Jerusalem and Migdal Eder as being suitable for Temple sacrifices. This led some (especially in Christian scholarship like Alfred Edersheim) to suggest these were special “Temple flocks” watched by Levitical-style shepherds — though the Mishnah itself does not explicitly call the shepherds “priestly.”

 

Gen 35:22  And it came to be, when Yisra’ěl dwelt in that land, that Re’uěn went and lay with Bilhah his father’s concubine. And Yisra’ěl heard about it.

 

In ancient Near Eastern culture, taking a father’s wife or concubine was often a symbolic act of claiming leadership or declaring the father unfit or “dead” as head of the family/clan.

This is the same pattern seen when Absalom publicly lay with David’s concubines to legitimize his rebellion and claim the throne (2 Samuel 16:21-22).

While sexual desire may have played a role, most commentators argue it was not the primary driver. The act carried heavy political and relational weight beyond mere lust.

 

 Now the sons of Ya‛aqo were twelve: 

Gen 35:23  the sons of Lě’ah were Re’uěn, Ya‛aqo’s first-born, and Shim‛on, and Lěwi, and Yehuah, and Yissasar, and Zeulun; 

Gen 35:24  the sons of Raěl were Yosěph and Binyamin; 

Gen 35:25  the sons of Bilhah, Raěl’s female servant, were Dan and Naphtali; 

Gen 35:26  and the sons of Zilpah, Lě’ah’s female servant, were Ga and Ashěr. These were the sons of Ya‛aqo who were born to him in Paddan Aram. 

Gen 35:27  And Ya‛aqo came to his father Yitsaq at Mamrě, or Qiryath Arba, that is eron, where Araham and Yitsaq had dwelt. 

Gen 35:28  And the days of Yitsaq were one hundred and eighty years. 

Gen 35:29  So Yitsaq breathed his last and died, and was gathered to his people, aged and satisfied of days. And his sons Ěsaw and Ya‛aqo buried him. 

 

Esau's Descendants

 

The genealogy of Esau (who is also called Edom). This chapter closes Esau’s story in the Torah before shifting focus entirely to Jacob’s line in Genesis 37 onward.

 

The sages note that genealogies of the “non-chosen” line (Ishmael in Gen. 25, Esau here) are given before the chosen line (Isaac then Jacob) to “clear the stage” and show that the covenant promise flows exclusively through Jacob/Israel.

 

·         Esau receives material blessings and becomes a great nation with kings and chiefs (fulfilling Isaac’s blessing in Gen. 27:39–40: “by your sword you shall live... when you grow restless you shall break his yoke”).

·         However, the detailed list highlights that Esau’s line, though numerous and powerful, is separate from the spiritual covenant line of Abraham → Isaac → Jacob.

·         It also explains future biblical conflicts: Edom (Esau’s descendants) becomes a recurring adversary to Israel (see Obadiah, Psalms 137, etc.). Some midrashim and later commentators (e.g., Lekach Tov) identify Edom symbolically with Rome and later oppressive empires.

·         The chapter demonstrates God’s faithfulness even to the “rejected” line — Esau prospers greatly in this world.

 

Jacob is the chosen line through which the Abrahamic covenant flows (land, descendants, blessing to all nations). YHVH protects him repeatedly from Laban, from Esau, from famine and renames him Israel ("he struggles with YHVH") after their wrestling match (Genesis 32).   This is not the story of a mere opportunist; it's a flawed man YHVH refuses to abandon.

 

Jacob is often painted as a villain. The scriptures give him a "bad wrap" yes! Jacob was flawed as all humans are, yet YHVH's favour and covenant rest on him, exactly as it did with Abraham and Isaac. He becomes the father of Israel, the meek tent-dweller who studies Torah and wrestles with YHVH and prevails by clinging to the promise. That's a powerful picture of YHVH’s favour upon his life, Jacob was not a shrewd opportunist – he was mentored by his grandfather – Abraham – one of the meekest men on earth and some scholars believe Jacob was not trying to take or claim something that was not his – Jacob had no self seeking agenda – Jacob would have been content right throughout his life looking after sheep, living in his tent and studying the Torah and digging wells.

 

The wrestling scene especially captures Jacobs life, he refuses to let go without a blessing. Was this blessing primarily for Jacob? or was this was a blessing for a nation of peoples?

 

Gen 25:27  And the boys grew up. And Ěsaw became a man knowing how to hunt, a man of the field, while Ya‛aqo was a complete (Heb ‘’tam’’)man, dwelling in tents. 

 

‘’tâm’’ (תּם) complete, morally innocent, having integrity an ordinary, quiet sort of person – Strongs 8535

 

Complete men don’t steal and deceive. There isn’t a verse in the scriptures where YHVH directly says, “Jacob is a deceiver” or a ‘’thief’’ as a formal label.

 

Did Jacob deceive Esau by buying his birthright? (3min)

https://www.youtube.com/shorts/jrOnuARGEFo

 

Isaiah 41:8-9 (ESV): "But you, Israel, my servant, Jacob, whom I have chosen, the offspring of Abraham, my friend..."

Isaiah 44:1-2 (NIV): "...do not be afraid, Jacob, my servant, Jeshurun, whom I have chosen."

Psalm 135:4 (ESV): "For YHVH has chosen Jacob for himself, Israel as his own possession."

Romans 9:10-13 (ESV): Mentions "Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated" to explain YHVH's sovereign choice. 

 

Blessed are you YHVH, our Elohim, King of the Universe, you have given us your Torah of truth and have planted everlasting life within our midst. Blessed are you, YHVH giver of the Torah – Amein.

Additional midrash:

What’s the point? YHVH chooses a very special and precious people very close to His Heart on earth (‘’am segulah’’ – "peculiar treasure"  Ex 19:5/1 Pet 2:9)  it is a people a nation called Israel – called Jacob and YHVH will judge all mankind by the way they treat this nation He has chosen – this nation that is very precious to Him–but He has chosen them because He is YHVH and He has made up His mind to do so– the welfare of every nation and human being outside this chosen nation will be determined, judged or accepted by the way they treat this one nation – Israel.

Zec 2:8  For thus said יהוה of hosts (for the sake of esteem He sent me to the nations which plunder you): “For he who touches you touches the apple of My eye.a Footnote: a Deu_32:10.

However, this chosen nation has been very disobedient to Him.

For more in-depth study, you can explore the full text of Ezekiel 2-3, Isaiah 65:1-16, and Romans 10-11.

In Matthew 21:31-32, Jesus tells religious leaders (chief priests and elders) that "tax collectors and prostitutes are entering the kingdom of God before you" because they repented and believed John the Baptist, while the leaders did not. This indicates that humble repentance outweighs external religious appearance or even ethnicity – Joshua and Caleb!

Mat 21:28  “But what do you think? A man had two sons, and he came to the first and said, ‘Son, go, work today in my vineyard.’ 

Mat 21:29  “And he answering, said, ‘I do not wish to,’ but afterwards he repented and went. 

Mat 21:30  “And having come to the second, he said similarly. And he answering, said, ‘I go, master,’ but he did not go. 

Mat 21:31  “Which of the two did the desire of the father?” They said to Him, “The first.” יהושע said to them, “Truly, I say to you that tax collectors and whores are entering into the reign of Elohim before you, 

Mat 21:32  for Yoanan came to you in the way of righteousness, and you did not believe him, but tax collectors and whores believed him. And when you saw it, you did not repent afterwards, to believe him. 

 

Ultimately only those grafted into Jacobs family will be called family and priests of the Most High Elohim.

 Jacob's Well

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=srE_u9CmIso&t=9s
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=srE_u9CmIso

4/10/2026

Parashat 8 Portion 32 ‘’Va yishlach’’ Gen 33:18 – 35:8 Nahum 1:12-2:6,14

Blessed are You, YHVH our Elohim, Creator of the universe, You have set us apart with Your commandments and You have called us to internalize the words of the Torah. Please, YHVH, our Elohim, sweeten the words of Your Torah in our mouths and in the mouths of Your people, the family of Israel. May we and our offspring and the offspring of Your people, the house of Israel – all of us – know Your Name and study Your Torah for its own sake. Please uncover our eyes and open our hearts that we may carefully examine and receive the marvels and mysteries of Your Torah. Blessed are You, YHVH, who teaches Torah to His people Israel.

ויבא

  ויבא יעקב שׁלם עיר שׁכם אשׁר בארץ כנען

Gen 33:18  And Ya‛aqo came safely to the city of Sheem,  (modern day Nablus) which is in the land of Kena‛an, when he came from Paddan Aram. (also called Haran or the region in northern Mesopotamia/Aram where he lived with Laban) And he pitched his tent before the city. (modern day Nablus –(800 km journey lasting about 3 -4 years, which included an approximate stopover in Succoth of 18 to 36 months)

 

‘’The name "Shechem" specifically carries the connotation of a "shoulder" or "upper back," highlighting the city's geographical placement as a, representing a site of heavy, often crucial responsibility’’ (we see a similar patterns of departure from Egypt and from Paddam Aram, will we see a similar pattern for an end time called out people? – we are called out of an idolatrous world system – find shelter – Succoth – in the wilderness – Petra- after 42 months invited by Messiah into his kingdom)

 

Mat 11:29  “Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am meek and humble in heart, and you shall find rest for your beings.d Footnote: d Jer_6:16. Mat 11:30 Is 2:3) “For My yoke is gentle and My burden is light.” 

 

 "Yoke of the Torah," "yoke of the commandments," or "yoke of the Kingdom of Heaven" was a common rabbinic term and metaphor for submission to YHVH's authority and obedience to the Torah.

 

Shechem makes its first appearance in Scripture when Abraham enters the land of Canaan from Haran: (threshold covenant – entrance into the promised land is by invitation ONLY)

 

In Genesis 12:6–7, Abram travels “through the land as far as the site of the great tree of Moreh at Shechem” (also called the oak or terebinth of Moreh (אלון מורה) – a place of divine encounter and covenant confirmation) At that time, the Canaanites were still in the land.

 

There, YHVH appears to Abram for the first time in Canaan and gives the foundational promise: “To your offspring I will give this land.”

 

In response, Abraham builds an altar to YHVH—the first altar mentioned in the Promised Land – and enters a threshold covenant, common in ANE cultures) see Jn 3:5 – ‘’shvi shel Pesach’’)

This event marks Shechem as the initial entry point and a place of divine encounter and covenant confirmation right at the start of Abraham’s journey of faith in the land.

 

Jacob (Israel) at Shechem (where this weeks Torah portion begins)

About 200 years later (after Gen 12:6,7 -chronologically in the narrative), Jacob arrives at Shechem after his long exile in Paddan Aram and his ‘’reconciliation’’ with Esau.

 

In Genesis 33:18, Jacob “came safely to the city of Shechem, which is in the land of Canaan,” pitches his tent before (or near) the city, and buys a parcel of land from the sons of Hamor (father of Shechem) for 100 pieces of silver/money.

 

He erects an altar there and names it El-Elohe-Israel (“The mighty El, the El of Israel”), deliberately echoing and continuing the worship tradition begun by his grandfather Abraham at the same location.

Jacob’s purchase represents one of the earliest recorded acquisitions of land in Canaan by the patriarchs (the other major one being Abraham’s purchase of the cave of Machpelah in Hebron for a burial site). It signals an intent to settle.

 

The bones of Joseph (Jacob’s favoured son) are eventually buried at Shechem in the very plot of ground Jacob had purchased- Josh 24:32

 

‘’Oak trees generally live for 100 to 300 years, though many species commonly survive for 600 years or more in ideal conditions. Some, like the English oak, can live over 1,000 years, while clonal colonies like the Jurupa Oak are estimated to be over 13,000 years old.’’) oak wood was extensively used to make ploughs in ancient times)

 

Under Joshua, the Israelites gather at Shechem for covenant renewal, where Joshua challenges the people: “Choose this day whom you will serve” (Joshua 24). He sets up a stone as a witness under the oak, and the bones of Joseph are buried there—tying back to patriarchal roots.

 

It later becomes a city of refuge, a Levitical city, and plays roles in the period of the Judges (e.g., the story of Abimelech) and the divided monarchy.

 

And much later it became a meeting place for an encounter between the Messiah and a Samaritan woman – John 4 - This is believed to be the  first, most direct, and explicit declaration by Yahshua that He is the Messiah (the Anointed One) to any individual – to a ‘’sinful’’ rejected gentile woman. (about 1500 years after burial of Joseph)

 

Gen 33:19  And he bought the portion of the field where he had pitched his tent, from the children of amor, Sheem’s father, for one hundred qesitah.a Footnote: aA monetary unit of uncertain value, perhaps in the form of a lamb. 

Gen 33:20  And he set up a slaughter-place there and called it Ěl Elohě Yisra’ěl. 

 

The Defiling of Dinah - The story remains one of the most ethically complex in the Torah.

 

Gen 34:1  And Dinah, the daughter of Lě’ah, whom she had borne to Ya‛aqo, went out to see the daughters of the land. 

Gen 34:2  And Sheem, son of amor the iwwite, prince of the land, saw her and took her and lay with her, and humbled her. 

 

Gen 34:3  And his being clung to Dinah the daughter of Ya‛aqo, and he loved the girl and spoke kindly to the girl. 

Gen 34:4  And Sheem spoke to his father amor, saying, “Take this girl for me for a wife.” 

Gen 34:5  And Ya‛aqo heard that he had defiled Dinah his daughter. Now his sons were with his livestock in the field, so Ya‛aqo kept silent until they came. 

Gen 34:6  And amor, the father of Sheem, went out to Ya‛aqo to speak with him. 

Gen 34:7  And the sons of Ya‛aqo came in from the field when they heard it. And the men were grieved and very wroth, because he had done a senseless deed in Yisra’ěl by lying with Ya‛aqo’s daughter, which should not be done. 

Gen 34:8  But amor spoke with them, saying, “My son Sheem’s being longs for your daughter. Please give her to him for a wife. 

Gen 34:9  “And intermarry with us, give us your daughters and take our daughters for yourselves, 

Gen 34:10  and dwell with us, and let the land be before you. Dwell and move about in it, and have possessions in it.” 

Gen 34:11  And Sheem said to her father and her brothers, “Let me find favour in your eyes, and whatever you say to me I give. 

Gen 34:12  “Ask of me a bride price and gift ever so high, and I give according to what you say to me, but give me the girl for a wife.” (maybe Chamor was a ‘’good’’ Hivvite)

Gen 34:13  But the sons of Ya‛aqo answered Sheem and amor his father, and spoke with deceit, because he had defiled Dinah their sister. 

Gen 34:14  And they said to them, “We are not able to do this matter, to give our sister to one who is uncircumcised, for that would be a reproach to us. 

Gen 34:15  “Only on this condition would we agree to you: If you become as we are, to have every male of you circumcised, 

Gen 34:16  then we shall give our daughters to you, and take your daughters to us. And we shall dwell with you, and shall become one people. 

Gen 34:17  “But if you do not listen to us and be circumcised, we shall take our daughter and go.” 

Gen 34:18  And their words pleased amor and Sheem, amor’s son. 

Gen 34:19  And the young man did not delay to do this because he delighted in Ya‛aqo’s daughter. Now he was more respected than all the household of his father. 

Gen 34:20  And amor and Sheem his son came to the gate of their city, and spoke with the men of their city, saying, 

Gen 34:21  “These men are at peace with us, so let them dwell in the land and move about in it. And see, the land is large enough for them. Let us take their daughters for us for wives, and let us give them our daughters. 

Gen 34:22  “Only on this condition would the men agree to dwell with us, to be one people: if every male among us is circumcised as they are circumcised. 

Gen 34:23  “Their herds and their possessions, and all their beasts, should they not be ours? Only let us agree with them, and let them dwell with us.” (was this deceitful?)

Gen 34:24  And all who went out of the gate of his city listened to amor and Sheem his son; every male was circumcised, all who went out of the gate of his city. 

Gen 34:25  And it came to be on the third day, when they were in pain, that two of the sons of Ya‛aqo, Shim‛on and Lěwi, Dinah’s brothers, each took his sword and came boldly upon the city and killed all the males. 

Gen 34:26  And they killed amor and Sheem his son with the edge of the sword, and took Dinah from Sheem’s house, and went out. 

Gen 34:27  The sons of Ya‛aqo came upon the slain, and plundered the city, because they had defiled their sister. 

Gen 34:28  They took their flocks and their herds, and their donkeys, and that which was in the city and that which was in the field, 

 

According to Genesis 49:5-6, Jacob’s sons Simeon and Levi hamstrung bulls (or oxen) during their vengeful attack on the men of Shechem. This act of crippling animals was done in anger following the rape of their sister, Dinah, and was condemned by their father, Jacob, as a reckless act of violence and wanton destruction. 

 

Gen 34:28  They took their flocks and their herds, and their donkeys, and that which was in the city and that which was in the field, 

Gen 34:29  and all their wealth. And all their little ones and their wives they took captive, and they plundered all that was in the houses. 

Gen 34:30  And Ya‛aqo said to Shim‛on and Lěwi, “You have troubled me by making me a stench among the inhabitants of the land, among the Kena‛anites and the Perizzites. And I am few in number, they shall gather themselves against me and shall strike me, and I shall be destroyed, my household and I.” 

Gen 34:31  But they said, “Should he treat our sister like a whore?” 

 

Many midrashim and commentators defend the brothers’ zeal: Shechem committed a capital crime (rape of an Israelite woman), and the entire city was complicit by not protesting or judging the wrong (a form of collective responsibility under Noahide laws, according to some views).

Rashi on 34:25 notes they are called “Dinah’s brothers” specifically because they risked their lives for her honor.

Some sources (e.g., in Jubilees, which influences some rabbinic thought) portray Simeon and Levi’s action more positively, as righteous zeal.

 

Later Consequences and Broader Themes

Jacob’s deathbed rebuke (Genesis 49:5–7): “Simeon and Levi are brothers; instruments of violence are their swords... Cursed be their anger... I will divide them in Jacob and scatter them in Israel.” The sages connect this directly to the Shechem incident — their uncontrolled zeal led to tribal dispersion (Levi became scattered as priests; Simeon’s territory was absorbed into Judah)

Some midrashim add positive or redemptive elements: e.g., Dinah later married Job, or bore a daughter Asenath (who married Joseph and became mother of Ephraim and Manasseh). These fill in Dinah’s otherwise silent story.

Overall theme: The story warns against intermarriage and assimilation with Canaanites, stresses the danger of “going out” unprotected into foreign culture, and grapples with balancing justice/zeal versus prudence and peace. It also shows family dysfunction and the cost of unchecked anger.

 

The question scholars have is ‘’was this incident commanded by YHVH or was it mans effort to attempt to solve a serious transgression and to seek justice, or simply an act of revenge’’?

 

Why would Mose later pass a law that the Hivites were to be exterminated? – Midrash!

 

Deu 7:1  “When יהוה your Elohim brings you into the land which you go to possess, He shall also clear away many nations before you: the ittites and the Girgashites and the Amorites and the Kenaanites and the Perizzites and the iwwites and the Yeusites, seven nations greater and mightier than you. 

Deu 7:2  “And when יהוה your Elohim gives them over to you, you shall strike them and put them under the ban, completely. Make no covenant with them, and show them no favour. 

Deu 7:3  “And do not intermarry with them – you do not give your daughter to his son, and you do not take his daughter for your son, 

Deu 7:4  for he turns your sons away from following Me, to serve other mighty ones. Then the displeasure of יהוה shall burn against you and promptly destroy you. 

Deu 7:5  “But this is what you do to them: Break down their slaughter-places, and smash their pillars, and cut down their Ashěrim, and burn their carved images with fire. 

Deu 7:6  “For you are a set-apart people to יהוה your Elohim. יהוה your Elohim has chosen you to be a people for Himself, a treasured possession above all the peoples on the face of the earth. 

 

YHVH Blesses and Renames Jacob

Gen 35:1  And Elohim said to Ya‛aqo, “Arise, go up to Běyth Ěl and dwell there. And make a slaughter-place there to Ěl who appeared to you when you fled from the face of Ěsaw your brother.” 

Gen 35:2  And Ya‛aqo said to his household and to all who were with him, “Put away the foreign mighty ones that are among you, and cleanse yourselves, and change your garments. 

Gen 35:3  “And let us arise and go up to Běyth Ěl, and let me make there a slaughter-place to Ěl, who answered me in the day of my distress, and has been with me in the way which I have gone.” 

Gen 35:4  So they gave Ya‛aqo all the foreign mighty ones which were in their hands, and all their earrings which were in their ears. And Ya‛aqo hid them under the terebinth tree which was near Sheem. 

Gen 35:5  And they departed, and the fear of Elohim was upon the cities that were all around them, and they did not pursue the sons of Ya‛aqo

Gen 35:6  And Ya‛aqo came to Luz, that is Běyth Ěl, which is in the land of Kena‛an, he and all the people who were with him. 

Gen 35:7  And he built there a slaughter-place and called the place El Běyth Ěl, because there Elohim appeared to him when he fled from the face of his brother. 

 

Bethel (or El-beth-el) in Genesis 35:7 is not Jerusalem, nor is the altar Jacob built there located on the future Temple Mount. (Jacob's Ladder is a dream recorded in Genesis 28:10-22)

Biblical Bethel lay approximately 10–12 miles north of Jerusalem.

The very same Bethel from Genesis 35:7 (Jacob's altar site) later became one of the two primary symbols of idolatry for the ten northern tribes. Its strategic location made it a convenient alternative to Jerusalem, but the Bible portrays this as a great spiritual failure that contributed to the northern kingdom's eventual downfall. The patriarchal “House of YHVH” ironically turned into a house of rival, calf-based worship.’’

 

What Happened at Bethel

‘’After King Solomon's death (around 931 BC), the kingdom split. The ten northern tribes followed Jeroboam I as their king, while Judah and Benjamin remained loyal to Rehoboam in the south (with the Temple in Jerusalem).

Jeroboam feared that if his people continued traveling south to worship at the Jerusalem Temple, their loyalty might shift back to the Davidic line. To prevent this, he established two rival worship centers:

One at Dan (in the far north)

One at Bethel (near the southern border of his kingdom, about 12 miles north of Jerusalem)

He made two golden calves, placing one in each location, and declared: “Here are your gods, O Israel, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.” He also appointed non-Levitical priests, built an altar, and instituted new festivals’’ (Sounds familiar, doesn’t it?)

 

The prophets strongly condemned it:

Amos (who ministered in the north) denounced the altar and rituals at Bethel (Amos 3:14; 4:4; 5:5–6), calling the people to seek YHVH instead of relying on the shrine.

Hosea referred to it critically, sometimes playing on the name as “Beth-aven” (“House of Wickedness” or “House of Evil”) instead of “Bethel” (“House of YHVH”) due to the idolatry there (Hosea 4:15; 5:8; 10:5, 15).

 

Gen 35:8  And Deorah, Riqah’s nurse, died, and she was buried below Běyth Ěl under the terebinth tree. So the name of it was called Allon Bauth.

 

Rabbi Shmuel bar Naman (in Genesis Rabbah 81:5) explains that “allon” in Greek means “another.” While Jacob was still mourning Deborah, news arrived of his mother Rebekah’s death. Thus, the place became “Allon-bacuth” “the oak of another weeping.”

Jacob never saw his mother again after fleeing from Esau, and the Torah never explicitly records Rebekah’s death or burial (why?) The sages say the family kept her death relatively quiet (to avoid public embarrassment involving Esau, “the one who came forth from her womb”). Because of this, Scripture alludes to it indirectly through the mourning for Deborah’’

 

Maybe ‘’another’’ meaning of Allon Bauth would point to how the 10 northern tribes of Israel would be dispersed among the nations and even ‘’divorced’’ by YHVH for their unrepented of idolatry. (Jer 3:8) Not an oak where a covenant was made but an oak where the covenant was broken.

 

Perhaps this points to another important message this Torah portion teaches us:

 

‘’From the garden to the grave’’ mankind’s idolatry (doing what is right in your own eyes) has produced enormous suffering and death on earth – and in these last days it will become so out of control that YHVH will almost have to totally destroy mankind on earth.

 

The survivors of this apocalyptic destruction along with the resurrected set apart ones will rule the earth with Messiah for 1000 years – where no form of idolatry will be allowed or tolerated.

 

Blessed are you YHVH, our Elohim, King of the Universe, you have given us your Torah of truth and have planted everlasting life within our midst. Blessed are you, YHVH giver of the Torah –

Additional Midrash on suffering:

Why is life so hard? Why do YHVH’s children suffer so much?

Joh 16:33  “These words I have spoken to you, that in Me you might have peace. In the world you have pressure,( Thlipsis- θλίψις) but take courage, I have overcome the world.” 

meaning θλίψις -Literal Meaning: It refers to a physical pressing together or narrowing (like a narrow place that "hems someone in").

Figurative Meaning: It refers to the internal pressure that causes someone to feel confined, burdened, or without options.

Acts 14:22 - YHVH’s people have their trials.( θλίψις) It was never designed by YHVH, when he chose his people, that they should be an untried people. They were chosen in the furnace of affliction; they were never chosen to worldly peace and earthly joy. Freedom from sickness and the pains of mortality was never promised them.

Heb 5:8  though being a Son, He learned obedience by what He suffered. 

"Made Perfect" (Teleioo): This Greek term means to complete a task, achieve a goal, or bring to maturity—not to fix a moral defect.

Experiential Obedience: He learned what obedience costs by obeying YHVH under extreme suffering, making Him a sympathetic High Priest.

Why many called few chosen – Mat 22:14

The verse is Isaiah 48:10, which reads: "Behold, I have refined you, but not as silver; I have tested [or chosen] you in the furnace of affliction" It signifies that YHVH refines and selects His people through trials, hardships, and suffering, treating affliction as a purifying process. 

Isa 53:7  He was oppressed and He was afflicted, but He did not open His mouth. He was led as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before its shearers is silent, but He did not open His mouth. 

How well do you and I suffer?

2Co 4:7  And we have this treasure in earthen vessels, so that the excellence of the power might be of Elohim, and not of us – 

2Co 4:8  being hard pressed on every side,b but not crushed; being perplexed, but not in despair; Footnote: bSee 1Co_1:8

2Co 4:9  being persecuted, but not forsaken; being thrown down, but not destroyed; 

2Co 4:10  always bearing about in the body the dying of the Master יהושע, that the life of יהושע might also be manifested in our body. 

2Co 4:11  For we, the living, are always delivered to death for the sake of יהושע, that the life of יהושע might also be manifested in our mortal flesh, 

2Co 4:12  so that death indeed is working in us, but the life in you.

2Co 4:16  Therefore we do not lose heart, but even if our outward man is perishing, the inward man is being renewed day by day. 

2Co 4:17  For this slight momentary pressure is working for us a far more exceeding and everlasting weight of esteem. 

2Co 4:18  We are not looking on what is seen, but on what is not seen. For what is seen passes away, but what is not seen is everlasting.c Footnote: cSee 2Co_5:7, Rom_8:24, Heb_11:1 and Heb_11:13