10/08/2026

Parashat 15 Portion 58 ‘’Bo’’ Ex 12:29-51- Micah 7:15

 Please, YHVH, our Elohim, sweeten the words of Your Torah in our hearts and in the hearts of Your people, the family of Israel. May we and our offspring and the offspring of Your people, the household of Jacob – know Your Name and study Your Torah, for the sake of Your Torah- empowering us to sincerely love one another and to love You above all. Please uncover our eyes and open our hearts that we may carefully examine and understand the marvels and mysteries of Your Torah- Amein.

Shabbat Shalom.

ויהי בחצי – ‘’and it came to be at mid…’’

The Tenth Plague: Death of the Firstborn

Exo 12:29  And it came to be at midnight that יהוה struck all the first-born in the land of Mitsrayim, from the first-born of Pharaoh who sat on his throne to the first-born of the captive who was in the dungeon, and all the first-born of livestock.

 Exo 12:30  And Pharaoh rose up in the night, he and all his servants, and all the Mitsrites. And there was a great cry in Mitsrayim, for there was not a house where there was not a dead one. 

 

Matthew 25:6 — the bridegroom comes at midnight - ויהי בחצות הלילה (exact same phrase)

Exodus 12:29 — the firstborn in Egypt are struck at midnight.

 Exodus 12 is followed by the departure of Israel from Egypt.

Matthew 25 ends with the separation of those who are prepared from those who are not, followed by judgment. (context of Mt 24)

 Yahshua uses the wedding theme—a standard Old Testament metaphor for YHVH's covenantal relationship with Israel/Yakov and places it at midnight to signal that the "Final Exodus" (the ultimate Messianic redemption) will take place in exactly the same way as the First Exodus.

 ‘’The Symbolic Meaning: In both accounts, midnight represents the absolute limit of human control. It is the ultimate "human blindspot." Redemption arrives not when humanity is active and watching, but at the hour of deepest vulnerability, demanding that one's inner preparation (symbolized by the oil in the lamps) be completed before the darkness sets in.

 Matthew 24:36 / 25:13

("But of that day and hour no one knows...") and the ancient Rabbinic understanding of Exodus 12:29 – was the concept of the "Unknown Certainty." וַדָּאוּת בִּלְתִּי נוֹדַעַת

An "Unknown Certainty" is a paradox where an event's occurrence is 100% absolute and guaranteed, yet the precise timing or manner of its arrival remains completely hidden from human knowledge.

 Do you know your exact location and circumstances of that final ‘’mid night’’?

 The concept of the "Unknown Certainty" is perfectly brought to life in the ancient Jewish wedding tradition (Nissu'in) of the first century. It provides the exact cultural framework Yahshua used to construct the Parable of the Ten Virgins.

 In that era, a wedding was not scheduled with a formal calendar invitation or a specific time on a clock. Instead, it operated as a beautiful, tension-filled waiting game.

In Jewish thought, midnight cannot be predicted by watching the sky—it can only be prepared for by having your lamps filled before the sun goes down. The "unknown hour" means calculation is impossible; the "midnight cry" means readiness is mandatory.

 The bride does not sit around trying to calculate the bridegroom father's construction schedule; she simply keeps the oil filled and the lamp burning. (a place has been prepared for the wedding couple)

 If our dear gentile brothers and sisters paid attention to this sidra, 90% of all their “end time” speculation in their videos and teachings would disappear from You tube and the internet.

 To a listener steeped in the Hebrew scriptures and oral traditions, oil (Shemen) represents the accumulated merit of Torah study, personal character, and good deeds (Mitzvot)

 We are not saved by these, it is because we are saved and the evidence that we have are been saved that we do these things.

 By defining oil this way, the Sages perfectly explain why the wise virgins could not share their oil with the foolish ones at midnight: spiritual readiness is strictly non-transferable

 A classic Rabbinic parable from the Sages (Midrash Mishlei) provides an identical parallel:

A king invited his servants to a banquet but did not specify the hour [The Unknown Certainty]. The wise servants dressed immediately and waited at the palace gate. The foolish servants assumed they had time and went back to their daily work. Suddenly, the king called them in. The wise entered in their clean, wedding garments; the foolish entered covered in dirt. The king rejoiced with the prepared but excluded the unprepared.

 Midrash Mishlei, this precise parable originally appears in the Babylonian Talmud (Shabbat 153a) where it is attributed directly to Rabbi Yochanan ben Zakkai. [1, 2]

The source most probably quoted by Yahshua.

 You cannot borrow someone else’s intimacy with YHVH. You cannot borrow another person's character, their years of prayer, or their history of hidden good deeds. At the midnight hour of judgment, you stand solely on the oil inside your own vessel.

 For both Chazal (Sages) and the author of Matthew, the lesson of the oil is simple: External rituals (the lamp) are useless in the dark without internal righteousness (the oil).

 Romans 8:4 serves as the perfect theological bridge that ties this entire study together - from the scribal break at Exodus 12:29, through the Sages’s view of midnight, to the parable of the lamps and oil.

Paul writes: "...so that the righteousness of the Torah should be completed in us who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the Spirit."

This verse explains the exact spiritual dynamics of how a person accumulates the "oil" necessary to survive the midnight cry of the "Unknown Certainty."

 However, Paul’s argument throughout Romans is that human effort alone operating "according to the flesh" - is like trying to keep a lamp burning with no actual oil source; human capacity is too tiny, weak, and limited, much like the 2-hour burn time of those small Herodian clay lamps.

 Romans 8:4 introduces the ultimate solution: The Set Apart Spirit (Ruach HaKodesh) becomes the infinite, internal reservoir of oil. When a person walks "according to the Spirit," the righteousness that the Torah demands is naturally and organically "completed" (fulfilled) inside them. The Spirit generates the internal righteousness that human flesh never could.

 In the Parable of the Ten Virgins, when the midnight delay dragged on, the virgins ceased to walk—they sat down, slumbered, and slept because their natural, physical energy failed them (Matthew 25:5) This was an extremely desperate and vulnerable time.

In Romans 8:4, Paul contrasts those who live by the temporary, failing energy of the "flesh" with those who walk continuously by the unceasing power of the Spirit.

To "walk according to the Spirit" means that even when the night gets dark, and even when the Messiah seems to delay past human calculations, your spiritual lamp does not run dry. You are plugged into an eternal flask of oil.

 As the Sages taught, midnight is the razor-thin boundary line where absolute judgment (Gevurah) and absolute mercy (Chesed) meet. The parable mirrors this exact split-second separation at the midnight cry:

The Wise Virgins experience immediate Chesed (favour and intimacy), entering the wedding feast with the bridegroom.

The Foolish Virgins face immediate Gevurah (judgment and exclusion), returning to a closed door and hearing the terrifying words, "I do not know you."
Like the passing over of Jewish homes and the striking of Egyptian ones at midnight, the midnight arrival in Matthew functions as an absolute, instantaneous sorting mechanism.

 Exo 12:31  Then he called for Mosheh and Aharon by night, and said, “Arise, go out from the midst of my people, both you and the children of Yisra’ěl. And go, serve יהוה as you have said. 

Exo 12:32  “Take both your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and go. Then you shall bless me too.” 

 Pharaoh frantically surrenders to Moses and Aaron in the dead of night, telling them to take the Israelites and all their cattle and go. He concludes his command with a highly striking phrase: "וּבֵרַכְתֶּם גַּם אֹתִי" ("and may you bring a blessing upon me also").

 Pharoah has three ulterior motives and so will the end time “tachat Moshiach” anti christ:

1.Saving His Own Life (The Firstborn Status)

2.A Subtle Bid to Maintain Equality with the El of Israel - He ended the verse by asking them to bless "גַּם אֹתִי" (also me). Pharoah’s God complex had made him completely delusional.

3. Desperately trying to save his kingdom from complete destruction.

 For Sedra 58 (Exodus 12:29–51), which begins with the words "ויהי בחצי" (Vayehi bachatzi - "And it came to pass at midnight..."), the ancient synagogues selected Micah 7:15–20 or Isaiah 21:11–12 as the corresponding Haftarah readings.

 The Textual Hook: Micah 7:15 states: "As in the days of your departure from the land of Egypt, I will show him marvelous things." (  גל־עיני ואביטה נפלאות מתורתך׃) Ps 119:18

 The Exodus

Exo 12:33  And the Mitsrites were strong on the people, to hasten to send them away out of the land. For they said, “We are all dying!” 

Exo 12:34  And the people took their dough before it was leavened, having their kneading bowls bound up in their garments on their shoulders. 

Exo 12:35  And the children of Yisra’ěl had done according to the word of Mosheh, and they had asked from the Mitsrites objects of silver, and objects of gold, and garments. 

Exo 12:36  And יהוה gave the people favour in the eyes of the Mitsrites, so that they gave them what they asked, and they plundered the Mitsrites. 

 ‘’While "plundered" sounds like a violent act of war, the text explicitly reveals that it was a peaceful transfer of massive wealth, driven entirely by divine favour and Egyptian panic”

 Exo 12:37  And the children of Yisra’ěl set out from Ra‛meses to Sukkoth, about six hundred thousand men on foot, besides the little ones. 

Exo 12:38  And a mixed multitude went up with them too, also flocks and herds, very much livestock. 

 ‘’To calculate the makeup of the Israelite camp using 600,000 adult men (Exodus 12:37) and 22,273 firstborn sons (Numbers 3:43), you run into a famous mathematical riddle that has fascinated biblical commentators and demographers for centuries.

Taking these numbers literally yields a massive disproportion: 600,000 men divided by 22,273 firstborns equals roughly 27 adult men per family.

If every family has roughly the same number of women and children, it implies an average family size of 60 to 80 people per mother, which is biologically impossible. To resolve this puzzle and calculate the actual makeup of the camp, scholars use three main demographic frameworks:

 The "Womb-Opening" Strict Definition (The Rabbinic View)

The primary way classical commentators (like the Talmud in Sanhedrin 69a) resolve this math is by narrowing who qualified as a "firstborn" (bekhor). In Jewish law, a firstborn son had to be the first child born to the mother ("whatever opens the womb").
If you factor in the following biological realities of the ancient world, the number of families increases drastically:

Firstborn Girls: Statistically, 50% of all first children born to a mother are female. They do not count toward the 22,273 male firstborn count. (Cuts the math in half).

Miscarriages/Stillbirths: If a woman’s very first pregnancy resulted in a miscarriage or stillbirth, any subsequent son she had was not legally a firstborn because he did not "open the womb."

Polygyny: In a society where men could have multiple wives, a single father with 600,000 peers could have 2, 3, or 4 wives. Each wife's firstborn son counted as a firstborn, but they all belonged to the household of just one adult man.

The Calculation Breakdown:

When you adjust for firstborn daughters, miscarriages, and polygamous family structures, the 22,273 firstborns represent a much larger pool of actual families—closer to 60,000–80,000 mothers raising children at that specific moment.’’

 Exo 12:39  And they baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they had brought out of Mitsrayim, for it was not leavened, since they were driven out of Mitsrayim, and had not been able to delay, nor had they prepared food for themselves. (it had to be dry and cracker-like)

Exo 12:40  And the sojourn of the children of Yisra’ěl who lived in Mitsrayim was four hundred and thirty years. 

Exo 12:41  And it came to be at the end of the four hundred and thirty years, on that same day it came to be that all the divisions of יהוה went out from the land of Mitsrayim. 

Exo 12:42  It is a night of watches unto יהוה for bringing them out of the land of Mitsrayim. This is that night of watches unto יהוה, for all the children of Yisra’ěl throughout their generations. 

Institution of the Passover

Exo 12:43  And יהוה said to Mosheh and Aharon, “This is the law of the Pěsaḥ: No son of a stranger is to eat of it, 

Exo 12:44  but any servant a man has bought for silver, when you have circumcised him, then let him eat of it. 

Exo 12:45  “A sojourner and a hired servant does not eat of it. 

Exo 12:46  “It is eaten in one house, you are not to take any of the flesh outside the house, nor are you to break any bone of it. 

Exo 12:47  “All the congregation of Yisra’ěl are to perform it. 

Exo 12:48  “And when a stranger sojourns with you and shall perform the Pěsaḥ to יהוה, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and perform it, and he shall be as a native of the land. But let no uncircumcised eat of it. 

Exo 12:49  “There is one Torah for the native-born and for the stranger who sojourns among you.” 

Exo 12:50  And all the children of Yisra’ěl did as יהוה commanded Mosheh and Aharon, so they did. 

Exo 12:51  And it came to be on that same day that יהוה brought the children of Yisra’ěl out of the land of Mitsrayim according to their divisions. 

 To a Hebrew Roots believer, the events of Exodus 12:29–51 are not merely historical facts; they are a literal, prophetic blueprint for the End Times. They view the "Last Days" through the lens of a "Greater Exodus."

Here is how HR believers see these specific midnight events unfolding in the near future:

1. The Passover Pattern of the Great Tribulation

In Hebrew Roots theology, the final years of this age will directly mirror Israel's experience in Egypt

The original 10 plagues were a local judgment on Egypt, but the Book of Revelation describes a global rerun of those exact plagues (hail, darkness, blood, pestilence)

The Protection for believers: Just as Israel remained inside Egypt during the plagues but was physically protected within the borders of Goshen, HR believers generally expect to live through the Great Tribulation. They do not subscribe to a traditional pre-tribulation rapture; instead, they believe they must be physically prepared to endure the darkness under YHVH's supernatural protection, just like the Hebrews before midnight

2. The Definition of the "Oil": Keeping Torah

When interpreting the Parable of the Ten Virgins (Matthew 25), the Hebrew Roots Movement defines the "oil" very explicitly. In mainstream Christianity, oil is almost exclusively defined as the Holy Spirit. However, HR teachers blend the Spirit with action: oil is the practical lifestyle of Torah obedience

The Lamps: The lamps represent all believers who claim to follow Messiah

The Flasks of Oil: The wise virgins are those who didn't just accept the Messiah but diligently kept the Sabbath, ate clean, and guarded the biblical feasts

The Foolish Virgins: They are viewed as those who practiced lawlessness (Torah-lessness). When the "Unknown Certainty" of the midnight cry sounds, those who abandoned the Torah will find their lamps empty, and the door to the Messianic Wedding Feast will be shut against them

3. The Literal "Midnight" Messianic Return

They believe the second coming of Messiah (Yahshua) will occur on Passover night, specifically at the midnight watch

They expect the final "Anti-Messiah" (foreshadowed by Pharaoh) to experience sudden, catastrophic destruction at the exact moment of midnight. While mainstream Christianity treats "a thief in the night" as a completely unmapped metaphor, HR theology suggests that if you are keeping the biblical calendar, you will know exactly what night to keep your lamp burning bright.

4. The Fulfillment of the Prophetic Readings (The Greater Exodus)

Finally, HR eschatology looks directly at the ancient Triennial Haftarah readings like Micah 7:15 ("As in the days of your departure from Egypt, I will show him marvelous things") as a promise of a global gathering.

They believe that when the midnight judgment strikes the global system, Yeshua will execute a worldwide "Regathering of the Lost Tribes of Israel." Believers from all over the earth will be supernaturally brought back out of the modern nations ("Egypt") to inherit the Promised Land, establishing the Millennial Kingdom on Earth.

At the absolute centre of the Millennial world order sits the fully restored, unified nation of Israel, ruling from Jerusalem.

The Hebrew Roots Perspective: HRM teachers heavily emphasize the physical fulfillment of Ezekiel’s "Two Sticks" prophecy (Ezekiel 37), where the House of Judah (ethnic Jews) and the long-scattered House of Israel/Ephraim (ten lost tribes) are physically reunited. Alongside them are the Gentile believers grafted into the commonwealth of Israel via faith in Jesus (Yahshua), as outlined in Romans 11. In HRM theology, this entire combined group is legally considered "Israel." They receive resurrected or glorified bodies at the start of the Millennium, serve as kings and priests.

The Scholarly Perspective: Biblical scholars note that Hebrew prophets (like Isaiah, Jeremiah, and Ezekiel) wrote from a geopolitical worldview cantered on Jerusalem. In these texts, Israel is vindicated, elevated above all global empires, and acts as the spiritual hub of the earth. Scholars identify that the text places the covenant people in the inner circle of divine favour, acting as mediators between YHVH and the rest of the planet.

The Surrounding Global Population: The Gentile Nations

Outside of the immortal covenant core, the rest of the earth will be populated by natural, mortal human beings belonging to the various Gentile nations. These are the survivors of the Tribulation and the nations that did not actively wage war against Jerusalem (or those who repented).

Both scholars and HRM teachers point to specific prophetic markers to describe this outer group:

Mortal Existences: These Gentiles will live standard, mortal lives. They will also marry, have children, farm, but face natural death, though life expectancies will be drastically extended (Isaiah 65:20 states that a person who dies at 100 years old will be considered a mere youth).

Subject to the "Rod of Iron": The nations will still possess free will and the capacity to sin. Consequently, the Messiah will rule them firmly. Zechariah 14:16–19 explicitly states that if any Gentile nation (such as Egypt) refuses to travel to Jerusalem to celebrate the Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot), YHVH will punish them by withholding rain from their lands.

The Ultimate Rebellion: The existence of massive,  population explains the final plot point of the Millennium in Revelation 20:7–8. At the end of the 1,000 years, Satan is released and successfully deceives "the nations which are in the four corners of the earth, Gog and Magog," gathering a massive host of mortal rebels for one final, failed assault against the camp of the Set Apart ones.

The Sukkot Connection: The Wedding Canopy (Chuppah)

Describes the physical manifestation of the marriage covenant using Feast of Tabernacles (Sukkot) language. In Isaiah 4:5-6, YHVH promises that over the assembly of Zion, there will be a cloud of smoke by day and a fire by night, and over all the glory will be a "canopy" (Chuppah).

In Jewish tradition, a chuppah is the wedding canopy under which a bride and groom exchange vows to seal their marriage covenant.

Blessed are you YHVH, our Elohim, King of the Universe, you have given us your Torah of truth and have planted everlasting life within our midst. Blessed are you, YHVH giver of the Torah – Amein.